Japan is widely celebrated as one of the safest countries on Earth. However, safety doesn't mean "invincible." Accidents, sudden medical issues, or even simple theft can happen to anyone. When they do, the shock can be compounded by the language barrier.
Did you know that Japan uses two primary numbers for emergencies? Choosing the right one is your first step to getting the help you need. Here is a local's breakdown of the system.
Hyaku-tou-ban
Accidents, Crimes, Theft
Hyaku-juu-kyu-ban
Medical Emergency, Fire
1. Calling 110: When the Police are Needed
Dial 110 if you are involved in a traffic accident (even a minor one), if your wallet is stolen, or if you encounter a dangerous person. In Japan, even if you just scratch a parked car, you must call the police to file a report for insurance purposes.
Japanese cities are famous for Koban (Police Boxes). These are small, local offices staffed by officers 24/7. If you can't make a call, look for the red light above a small door on a street corner. Officers can help with everything from crime reports to giving you directions if you're lost.
2. Calling 119: Medical Emergencies & Fire
Call 119 for an ambulance or fire truck. Unlike many other countries, the ambulance service in Japan is operated by the fire department.
When you dial 119, the dispatcher will ask: "Kaji desu ka? Kyukyu desu ka?" (Fire or Ambulance?).
Say "Kyukyu" for a medical emergency.
Note: Ambulances in Japan are free for everyone, including tourists. However, you will still be responsible for your hospital bills, which can be expensive without travel insurance!
3. How to Get English Support
Don't let the fear of not speaking Japanese stop you from calling. Major cities like Tokyo, Osaka, and Kyoto use 3-way interpretation services.
- Dial the number (110 or 119).
- Clearly say "English, please."
- Wait for a few seconds. The dispatcher will connect an interpreter who will stay on the line to translate between you and the Japanese officer.
4. The "Sea" Emergency: 118
Are you planning to go surfing in Chiba or diving in Okinawa? There is a third number you should know: 118. This connects you to the Japan Coast Guard for emergencies at sea, such as boating accidents or sightings of suspicious vessels.
5. Secret Tips for Finding Your Location
The most important information for the dispatcher is where you are. If you are on the street and don't know the address:
- Check a Vending Machine: Every vending machine in Japan has a sticker (usually near the coin slot) that lists the exact address and location ID.
- Public Phones: If you use a green or digital public phone, you don't need money. Just lift the receiver and press the large red "Emergency" button. Your location is automatically sent to the dispatcher.
- Landmarks: Look for the nearest convenience store name (e.g., "7-Eleven Shinjuku 3-chome branch") as these are easy for dispatchers to locate.
If you are sick but not sure if you need an ambulance, dial #7119. This is a medical consultation line where professionals can tell you if your symptoms are urgent or if you should just find a nearby clinic.
Survival Phrases (Save these!)
- Tasukete! — Help!
- Kyukyusha wo yonde kudasai! — Please call an ambulance!
- Keisatsu wo yonde kudasai! — Please call the police!
- Kega desu. — I'm injured.
- Byoki desu. — I'm sick.
Conclusion
Knowing 110 and 119 is your ultimate safety net while exploring Japan. While we hope your trip is filled only with wonderful memories, being prepared for the unexpected is the hallmark of a smart traveler. Stay safe and enjoy your journey!
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